SyberWorks Learning and Performance Glossary
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Compliant (Standards-Compliant): an e-Learning program that meets recognized standards of (and has received official approval from) an accrediting organization. See also "Conformant."
Compositions: a piece written by a student to demonstrate literary or linguistic knowledge.
Compressed File: a computer file reduced in size by compression software. To view or use these files, the user must decompress them.
Compressed Video: video signals that have been digitally compressed, to permit transmission over a smaller-bandwidth channel.
Computer Simulations: a means for students to experiment with concepts and materials quickly and safely, using events and situations simulated on a computer.
Computer Software Design: a project in which students design and create computer programs, to learn more about software writing, syntax, logic, design, and technology.
Computer-Managed Instruction (CMI): the use of computer technology to oversee and assist the learning process, including grading, testing and record keeping.
Computing: finding solutions to problems involving numbers by carrying out mathematical operations.
Concept: an array of objects, events, people, situations, etc., grouped together on the basis of one or more shared traits that are then given a common identifying label.
Concept Attainment Model: a model of instruction where students are presented with examples and non-examples of a particular concept. Students then take and process this information, to generate hypotheses and attempt to describe (and sometimes name) the concept.
Concept Cards: a technique that asks students to create cards that link important terms to their usage within a context.
Concept Development Model: an inductive teaching model where concepts are taught using the sequence: list items, group items, label, regroup, synthesize, and evaluate.
Concept Folders: folders that contain key concepts and issues for a particular course. Samples or illustrations of the concepts are kept in the folders for students to explore.
Concept Map: a technique originally developed by Joseph Novak in the 1960's that uses graphics to help students see associations among concepts, by diagramming relations among the keywords that represent the concepts.
Concept of Definition: a method in which students create organizing maps, to explore and clarify the meanings or definitions of words.
Conceptual Change Model: a constructivist approach that allows learners to identify and clarify student misconceptions, and then create an activity to challenge these misconceptions.
Conclusions: a logical process in which students analyze facts, make a reasoned judgment and generate new facts based on what is known.
Conditions of Learning: a theory offered by Robert Gagne that explains the different types of learning and how they each require different methods of teaching.
Conferences: face-to-face discussions between the teacher and student, to allow the teacher to provide individual guidance and attention. They may also be meetings between supervisors, HR managers, parents, teachers, and (sometimes) students, to discuss student progress and how to improve the educational experience.
Confirmative Evaluation: the process of evaluating, over time, whether 1) students have sustained their level of competence, 2) instructional materials continue to be effective, and 3) organizational issues have been solved.
Conflict Mediation: discussions in the presence of a mediator who is trained to help individuals find solutions to their differences.
Conformant (Standards-Conformant): an e-Learning program that meets the criteria of an accredited organization but has not yet been deemed compliant through the formal application process.
Congenital: a condition present at birth, either as a result of heredity or environmental influences.
Congruence Analysis: the certification of data by using different instruments or data sources to assess performance against some common criteria.
Connect Time: the amount of time that a terminal or user is being served by a network. Can refer to the amount of time it takes the terminal to receive data.
Connectionism: a behavioral theory proposed by Edward L. Thorndike that learning occurs from connections made in the mind between stimuli and responses.
Consider All Factors (CAF): a mentored approach to decision-making proposed by Edward de Bono that encourages individuals or groups to increase the number of variables they consider before making a decision.
Construction Spiral: a three-step exercise: 1) individuals record their own thoughts 2) small groups share ideas, and 3) the whole group's ideas are written on the board. During this recording, corrections are made solely by the group, with no help from the teacher. Further questions are posed if students do not understand what is being discussed.
Constructions: involve the replication or manipulation of geometric shapes using only a ruler or straightedge and a compass.
Constructivist Models: models based on the philosophy that knowledge must be constructed by each individual and cannot be mechanically transferred from teachers to students. Therefore, students learn only when connections are built between their existing conceptual networks and the new material.
Consultant: an expert who is called for professional or technical advice or opinions.
Content: information or data that is captured electronically and passed to learners. Formats for e-Learning content include text, audio, video, animation, simulation, and more.
Content Gathering: the process of gathering all content that will be needed to teach a course. The designer works closely with the SME (subject matter expert) during this phase, while also identifying content or information that could be "unimportant" or "distracting."
Content Management System (CMS): a centralized software application that stores and retrieves large amounts of data by indexing text, audio clips, images, etc. that are stored in a database. The system should allow users to search the database for specific content.
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