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SyberWorks Learning and Performance Glossary

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Java Applet: a small Java program that is launched through a web browser.

Java: an object-orientated programming language developed by Sun Microsystems. It can be used to create applications that run on a single computer, or across several computers in a network. Also used to write Java “applets.”

JavaScript: a scripting language that's simpler than Java and that can add interactivity to Webpages. JavaScript commands allow browser programs to complete tasks when users view Webpages (such as, to change on-screen graphics when users move their mouse cursors over them).

JDBC (Java Database Connectivity): an application program interface used to connect programs written in Java to data in databases.

Jigsaw II: a useful educational technique when the subject matter is in narrative form and when students are learning concepts rather than skills. Basic activities include reading with team members, expert group discussions, team reports, testing, and team recognition.

Jigsaw: a cooperative activity that consists of reading, meeting with expert groups, reporting back to the main team, and demonstrating knowledge through a test or report.

Job Aid: any simple tool that helps workers do their jobs (for example, a flow chart to follow when answering customer-service calls). Job aids generally provide quick reference information rather than in-depth training.

Job: when training high-school/college students or adults, jobs can link classroom training with the external world, to help students experience the value of what they are learning.

Joke: an amusing story or description that the teacher can tell to activate interest. Alternatively, students can create topic-related jokes, to demonstrate their understanding of concepts.

Journal: a form of writing in a notebook, usually for a few minutes each day. The writing is often used to encourage reflection, or exploration of ideas of interest to students. Journal writing is typically not graded, and in some instances, is not read by anyone but the student. In other cases, a journal may help to build an ongoing dialog between the student and teacher.

Journalism Model: a writing format in which the most important information is presented first, followed by the next most important information, and closing with the least important information. It is most commonly used in news reporting, but can also teach students to prioritize information. The method is also called “Inverted Pyramid” or “Top Down.”

JPEG (Joint Photographic Experts Group): a format for compressing images, which lets users balance image quality against file size. JPEG is called a “lossy algorithm” because the compression process discards some image data. And the more a JPEG file is compressed (or the more frequently it is opened and resaved), the more data is lost, and the more the image is degraded.

Judging: a form of critical thinking that involves forming conceptions or opinions about a topic.

Jumbled Summary: the teacher gives students randomly ordered terms and phrases from a lesson. Students then put the terms and phrases in a logical order, to show their understanding of the subject.

Justifying: to explain why one choice is better than another. Typically used as part of an assessment that asks students to "justify" or explain the merits of their answers.

Just-In-Time: a characteristic of e-Learning in which students can access needed information when they need it.

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